See Duch on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
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{
"args": {
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{
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{
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tuch",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; towel"
},
"expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"2": "doek",
"3": "",
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{
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"4": "cloth; tablecloth"
},
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},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "duck",
"t": "canvas"
},
"expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Diecher",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Diechelche",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "Duuch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Doch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dooch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
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"2": "noun",
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"4": "Diecher",
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"6": "Diechelche",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Duch n (plural Diecher, diminutive Diechelche)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
},
{
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"cloth"
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"id": "en-Duch-gmw-cfr-noun-1uKP-zsZ",
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(most dialects of Moselle Franconian) cloth"
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duːx/"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1544"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1544",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shortened from the Old Czech personal name Duchoslav, from duch (“spirit”) + sláva (“fame, glory”). First attested in 1544.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Duchová",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duších",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"f": "Duchová"
},
"expansion": "Duch m anim (female equivalent Duchová)",
"name": "cs-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.surname"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
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{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "29 38 0 2 2 4 19 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 39 0 1 2 3 20 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname"
],
"id": "en-Duch-cs-name-IRlLAcDj",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdux]"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Buedduch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Dëschelduch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Handduch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Läinduch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "tuoch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "goh",
"3": "",
"4": "(*)duoh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tuch",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; towel"
},
"expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"1": "nl",
"2": "doek",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dug",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; tablecloth"
},
"expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "duck",
"t": "canvas"
},
"expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Dicher",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Dichelchen",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
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"args": {
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"2": "Dicher",
"dim": "Dichelchen"
},
"expansion": "Duch n (plural Dicher, diminutive Dichelchen)",
"name": "lb-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cloth"
],
"id": "en-Duch-lb-noun-1uKP-zsZ",
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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],
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],
"id": "en-Duch-lb-noun-EMpQqKcU",
"links": [
[
"towel",
"towel"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duχ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uχ"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
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"orig": "enm:Europe",
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}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine",
"3": "tewtéh₂",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "",
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{
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{
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"expansion": "",
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{
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},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"duutsch\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Saxon\", \"term\" : \"thiudisk\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"osx\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Low German\", \"term\" : \"dütsch\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gml\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"Duch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"Duch\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"2": "gml",
"3": "dütsch"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "osx",
"3": "thiudisk"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thedisch"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of thedisch",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂\nFrom Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Duche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Deuche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dusche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dewche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dowche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deuche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dusche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Duch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
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"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "German language",
"text": "Duche tonge",
"translation": "German language",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"German, Dutch"
],
"id": "en-Duch-enm-adj-wUXozcLx",
"links": [
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"Dutch",
"Dutch"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dutʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/diu̯tʃ/"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Europe",
"orig": "enm:Europe",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "Dutch"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "Dutch"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Dúitseach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine",
"3": "tewtéh₂",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tewtéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor<conj:and>",
"3": "dum:duutsch",
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},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"duutsch\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Saxon\", \"term\" : \"thiudisk\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"osx\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Low German\", \"term\" : \"dütsch\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gml\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"Duch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"Duch\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dum",
"3": "duutsch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch duutsch",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gml",
"3": "dütsch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German dütsch",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "osx",
"3": "thiudisk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thiudisk",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thedisch"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of thedisch",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂\nFrom Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Duche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Deuche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dusche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dewche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dowche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deuche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dusche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Duch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Demonyms",
"orig": "enm:Demonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Languages",
"orig": "enm:Languages",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nationalities",
"orig": "enm:Nationalities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Duchish"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"english": "High German",
"text": "heigher Duche",
"translation": "High German",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"english": "Low German",
"text": "louer Duche",
"translation": "Low German",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"German, Low German, Dutch (languages)"
],
"id": "en-Duch-enm-noun-5cS5n4zj",
"links": [
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"Low German",
"Low German"
],
[
"Dutch",
"Dutch"
],
[
"language",
"language#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dutʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/diu̯tʃ/"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "tuoch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "goh",
"3": "",
"4": "(*)duoh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōkaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōkaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tuch",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; towel"
},
"expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doek",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dug",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; tablecloth"
},
"expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "duck",
"t": "canvas"
},
"expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk, from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Dicher",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "Dicher",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Duch n (plural Dicher)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pennsylvania German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Dellerduch"
},
{
"word": "Halsduch"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cloth, handkerchief"
],
"id": "en-Duch-pdc-noun-SSnhHyB8",
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"handkerchief",
"handkerchief"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From duch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "Duch m pers",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Duch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Duch"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "Duchowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish male surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname"
],
"id": "en-Duch-pl-name-IRlLAcDj",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdux/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "duch"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From duch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "married form Duchowa",
"tags": [
"traditional"
]
},
{
"form": "unmarried form Duchówna",
"tags": [
"traditional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"indecl": "1",
"marr": "Duchowa",
"unmarr": "Duchówna"
},
"expansion": "Duch f (indeclinable, traditional married form Duchowa, traditional unmarried form Duchówna)",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Duch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Duch"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish female surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a female surname"
],
"id": "en-Duch-pl-name-yitEyztR",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdux/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "duch"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "tuoch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "goh",
"3": "",
"4": "(*)duoh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tuch",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; towel"
},
"expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doek",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dug",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; tablecloth"
},
"expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "duck",
"t": "canvas"
},
"expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Diecher",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Diechelche",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "Duuch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Doch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dooch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "Diecher",
"5": "diminutive",
"6": "Diechelche",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Duch n (plural Diecher, diminutive Diechelche)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Central Franconian entries with incorrect language header",
"Central Franconian lemmas",
"Central Franconian neuter nouns",
"Central Franconian nouns",
"Central Franconian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Central Franconian terms derived from Old High German",
"Central Franconian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Central Franconian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Central Franconian terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Central Franconian terms inherited from Old High German",
"Central Franconian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Central Franconian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Moselle Franconian",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"cloth"
],
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(most dialects of Moselle Franconian) cloth"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duːx/"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1544"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1544",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shortened from the Old Czech personal name Duchoslav, from duch (“spirit”) + sláva (“fame, glory”). First attested in 1544.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Duchová",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duších",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"f": "Duchová"
},
"expansion": "Duch m anim (female equivalent Duchová)",
"name": "cs-proper noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.surname"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech animate nouns",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech male surnames",
"Czech masculine animate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech proper nouns",
"Czech surnames",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech velar-stem masculine animate nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdux]"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"Luxembourgish lemmas",
"Luxembourgish neuter nouns",
"Luxembourgish nouns",
"Luxembourgish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German",
"Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Luxembourgish terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German",
"Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Luxembourgish/uχ",
"Rhymes:Luxembourgish/uχ/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Buedduch"
},
{
"word": "Dëschelduch"
},
{
"word": "Handduch"
},
{
"word": "Läinduch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "tuoch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "goh",
"3": "",
"4": "(*)duoh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tuch",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; towel"
},
"expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doek",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dug",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; tablecloth"
},
"expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "duck",
"t": "canvas"
},
"expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Dicher",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Dichelchen",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "Dicher",
"dim": "Dichelchen"
},
"expansion": "Duch n (plural Dicher, diminutive Dichelchen)",
"name": "lb-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cloth"
],
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"towel"
],
"links": [
[
"towel",
"towel"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duχ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uχ"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Middle Dutch",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *tewtéh₂",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"enm:Demonyms",
"enm:Europe",
"enm:Languages",
"enm:Nationalities"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine",
"3": "tewtéh₂",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tewtéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor<conj:and>",
"3": "dum:duutsch",
"4": "gml:dütsch<ety:inh<osx:thiudisk>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"duutsch\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Saxon\", \"term\" : \"thiudisk\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"osx\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Low German\", \"term\" : \"dütsch\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gml\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"Duch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"Duch\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dum",
"3": "duutsch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch duutsch",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gml",
"3": "dütsch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German dütsch",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "osx",
"3": "thiudisk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thiudisk",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thedisch"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of thedisch",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂\nFrom Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Duche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Deuche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dusche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dewche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dowche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deuche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dusche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Duch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "German language",
"text": "Duche tonge",
"translation": "German language",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"German, Dutch"
],
"links": [
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"Dutch",
"Dutch"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dutʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/diu̯tʃ/"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Middle Dutch",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *tewtéh₂",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"enm:Demonyms",
"enm:Europe",
"enm:Languages",
"enm:Nationalities"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Duchish"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "Dutch"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "Dutch"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Dúitseach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine",
"3": "tewtéh₂",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tewtéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor<conj:and>",
"3": "dum:duutsch",
"4": "gml:dütsch<ety:inh<osx:thiudisk>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"duutsch\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Saxon\", \"term\" : \"thiudisk\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"osx\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Low German\", \"term\" : \"dütsch\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gml\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"Duch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"Duch\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dum",
"3": "duutsch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch duutsch",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gml",
"3": "dütsch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German dütsch",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "osx",
"3": "thiudisk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thiudisk",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thedisch"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of thedisch",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *tewtéh₂\nFrom Middle Dutch duutsch and Middle Low German dütsch, düdesch, in turn from Old Saxon thiudisk. Doublet of thedisch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Duche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Deuche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dusche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dewche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Dowche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deuche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dusche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Duch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"english": "High German",
"text": "heigher Duche",
"translation": "High German",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"english": "Low German",
"text": "louer Duche",
"translation": "Low German",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"German, Low German, Dutch (languages)"
],
"links": [
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"Low German",
"Low German"
],
[
"Dutch",
"Dutch"
],
[
"language",
"language#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dutʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/diu̯tʃ/"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Dellerduch"
},
{
"word": "Halsduch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "tuoch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German tuoch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "goh",
"3": "",
"4": "(*)duoh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German (*)duoh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōkaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōkaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tuch",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; towel"
},
"expansion": "German Tuch (“cloth; towel”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doek",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doek (“cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dug",
"3": "",
"4": "cloth; tablecloth"
},
"expansion": "Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "duck",
"t": "canvas"
},
"expansion": "English duck (“canvas”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk, from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.\nCognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Dicher",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdc",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "Dicher",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Duch n (plural Dicher)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pennsylvania German entries with incorrect language header",
"Pennsylvania German lemmas",
"Pennsylvania German neuter nouns",
"Pennsylvania German nouns",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Middle High German",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Old High German",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pennsylvania German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Old High German",
"Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pennsylvania German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"cloth, handkerchief"
],
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"handkerchief",
"handkerchief"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish indeclinable nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish proper nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_text": "From duch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Duchowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "Duch m pers",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Duch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Duch"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "Duchowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish male surnames",
"Polish surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a male surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdux/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "duch"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish indeclinable nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish proper nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_text": "From duch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "married form Duchowa",
"tags": [
"traditional"
]
},
{
"form": "unmarried form Duchówna",
"tags": [
"traditional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"indecl": "1",
"marr": "Duchowa",
"unmarr": "Duchówna"
},
"expansion": "Duch f (indeclinable, traditional married form Duchowa, traditional unmarried form Duchówna)",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Duch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Duch"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish female surnames",
"Polish surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a female surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdux/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "duch"
}
],
"word": "Duch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Duch meaning in All languages combined (21.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: most dialects of Moselle Franconian",
"path": [
"Duch"
],
"section": "Central Franconian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "Duch",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: most dialects of Moselle Franconian",
"path": [
"Duch"
],
"section": "Central Franconian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "Duch",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.